The first thing is a proper clinical examination that is performed in order to identify if a possible instability of the joint is present. Additionally, during the clinical examination, we might find that the patient experiences spasms of the surrounding muscles because of the pain in the joint or along the ligament. These muscles also can experience a spasm because they help stabilize the injured joint. A skilled clinician could be able to palpate ligaments from their origin all the way to the insertion and the patient might experience pain upon this palpation. Now, not every ligament can be palpated, but if it can, it takes skills and knowledge to be able to do this.
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