Posts by Symptomsky

Treating diabetes is not easy. There are many different types of medication but also many different therapeutic goals because not every patient is the same. This over here is the pancreas. It produces insulin and insulin then helps absorb glucose from the bloodstream into the cells of organs such as the heart. Clearly, the pancreas is a vital organ but what if this vital organ stops producing insulin or if the human body becomes resistant to the insulin that is produced, Glucose then cannot be absorbed from the bloodstream into these other vital organs such as the heart and we define that as a form of diabetes mellitus type 2. Diabetes is caused in part by the body becoming resistant to the insulin that is produced so a clear response that the human body can perform is to produce more insulin and sometimes way more insulin than usual and we can help the body do this with medications called the glp1 analogues. But sadly in medicine, One size rarely fits all and while this medication might stimulate pancreas to produce more insulin. It also might have side effects that the patients simply cannot tolerate. One more dangerous reason why this medication should not be taken is poor functioning of the kidneys patients who have type 2 diabetes usually present with obesity cardiovascular problems but maybe most importantly damaged kidneys persistently elevated glucose levels can ultimately cause arteries in the kidneys to become damaged and clogged. So, It can be extremely frustrating first to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes only to realize then that you cannot be treated with metformin or glp1 analogs which is actually more commonly used and metformin is a great medication. Luckily, There are medications called dipeptidol peptidase 4 inhibitors. they’re not glp-1 analogs but they inhibit this enzyme called dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and that way they reduce the breakdown or inactivation of glp1 that our own body produces the glp stands for glucagon-like peptide and it helps stimulate insulin production by the pancreas over here. It is a hormone that the human body can produce in the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence suggests that a direct contact of nutrients with the gastrointestinal tract causes the secretion of this hormone.Iit is also stimulated by digested nutrients and it makes sense you know. Once, these nutrients are digested they’re going to increase the level of glucose in the bloodstream and therefore this glp hormone will stimulate the production of insulin and that way try to reduce the level of glucose in the blood. This medication however might not be as good as metformin or other options for diabetes and it also has its own side effects. Doctors and patients, We have something for you. If you’re a doctor and you want to make videos like these then go to anatomsky.com but if you have more questions about diabetes then go to symptoms.com/help/diabetes

Feeling nauseous or vomiting is a common thing in pregnancy. But, If these symptoms happen too often or they’re more severe than what we’d expect or also appear in combination with other symptoms then there might be an underlying cause for these symptoms. These other symptoms that might indicate that there is some underlying condition or an issue are feeling tired thirsty and frequent urination. Some diseases appear only in pregnancy and so it is the case with this disease. I would like to talk about but what causes it and where does it take place. This place which you can see here is the pancreas. an organ of the human body responsible for various functions besides producing insulin and other hormones. it also produces a fluid that contains digestive enzymes and they are released into the duodenum of the gastrointestinal tract. The pancreas as we said produces insulin and insulin is a hormone that helps get the glucose from the bloodstream in the arteries into the important vital organs of the body such as the heart over here. It also supplies other organs such as muscles with the glucose they need to function properly. If however the body becomes resistant to insulin that is produced. The amount of insulin that is normally produced will not be enough to supply the organs with the sugar they need normally. We can describe this phenomenon in a condition called diabetes mellitus type 2 but before i explain why this is important for pregnant women as well i’d like to ask you to do something for us. You see youtube and other websites will only suggest our videos to pregnant women. If you like this video and subscribe to our channel that’s just how their algorithms work and there are many pregnant women out there who should be informed about this condition but now back to the insulin and pancreas. There is another form of diabetes mellitus and that is gestational diabetes. It is a form of diabetes which appears only in pregnancy and it poses a direct threat not only to the health of the child but also to the health of the caring mother. A simple blood glucose test might reveal pathological changes but it is really important to when and exactly in what state this glucose was measured. Reference values for glucose can be different depending on whether this person was tested in a fasting state or right after having a meal or one or two hours after a meal and besides measuring glucose levels other diagnostics might be needed as well. These include measuring body weight and additional lab results. Up to 10 percent of pregnancies in the united states are affected by gestational diabetes. It means that every 10th pregnant woman might be affected and these numbers are actually not low. They’re high. It is extremely important to get these diagnostics done properly because simply measuring glucose once is not enough. There are specific values, lab results that have to be analyzed and glucose levels after a set of hours after a meal and a well-defined glucose level in a fasting state. If a single measured value is above the limit. Gestational diabetes can be officially diagnosed that’s why the measurement should not be done only once and too quickly considered as normal. Nothing is more secure than the mother’s uterus. This fine separation of mothers in child’s blood prevents transmission of diseases. Mother’s abdominal fat protects the child from the outside world mechanical and thermal possible dangers and yet not willingly the mother’s pancreas might be producing too much insulin because her body became resistant to the insulin. It produces a newborn child might have problems with breeding but also because it was exposed to too much glucose in the pregnancy. the pancreas of the child after the birth might be producing too much insulin because it was simply used to that during the pregnancy. This might result in sugar levels dropping way below the reference values. Medically, this is defined as hypoglycemia. Child’s body might experience a condition called macrosomia. Macrosomia is a condition in which a newborn has an increased birth weight. In this case this would be a just another consequence of an increased sugar level during the pregnancy and all that sugar would normally be taken in by the muscles and the fat tissue of the child. Ultimately, A pregnancy with gestational diabetes might end in a miscarriage but besides these immediate consequences some long-term consequences for the pregnant mother exist as well. For example, Many women suffering from gestational diabetes also develop type 2 diabetes later in their life after the pregnancy. Doctors and patients, we have something for you. If you’re a doctor and you want to make videos like these then go to anatomsky.com but if you have more questions about diabetes then go to symptoms.com/help/diabetes

Today, I want to talk about one specific grave danger during pregnancy that can and should be discovered early on. This condition poses a direct threat not only to the health of the child but also of the pregnant mother. I should first explain where it all begins and how. This over here is the pancreas an organ that is responsible for producing insulin but also digestive enzyme that are then released into the duodenum of the gastrointestinal tract. It is a vital organ and without its enzymes and hormones, Life would be unimaginable. The function of producing insulin is incredibly important in order to transport glucose which is a form of sugar from arteries of the body into the peripheral and central organs the heart but also muscles such as the biceps muscle just like with everything else. In the human body something can go wrong here and in fact the human body can become resistant to the insulin that is produced in the pancreas and a condition called hyperglycemia can develop after that the body can respond with an increased production of insulin from the pancreas. This also results in an increased concentration of insulin and this what i just described is a condition called diabetes mellitus type 2. Up to 4 of the adult population in the united states, Suffers from this condition without even knowing it. The symptoms for this condition are rather subtle at the beginning but the consequences and the damage it can cause can be devastating. Obviously, There are many pregnant women suffering from this condition as well without even knowing it and that is why i have to ask you to like this video and subscribe to our channel because youtube and other websites will only suggest our video to these women if we get enough of likes and subscriptions otherwise our videos will not be suggested. It is really important to spread the awareness about this condition because it can cause permanent damage to the development of the child and a newborn might be born with a condition called macrosomia. That is a term for an increased body weight and size of the child at birth and in this case it is obviously caused by an increased level of glucose in the mother’s blood. There is no more secure place in this world than the mother’s uterus and this fine separation of maternal and child’s blood prevents transmission of diseases the abdominal fat and muscles of the mother protect a child from the outer possible mechanical and thermal dangers. Yet, not willingly and not knowingly, The pregnant mother might endanger the child’s health if she’s not aware that she suffers from diabetes type 2. These subtle symptoms and the damage that can be caused by this condition can accelerate during pregnancy and the mother might develop a condition called diabetic retinopathy. The health of diabetic patients is under extreme stress during the pregnancy and even women who don’t suffer from diabetes mellitus type 2 can develop a form of diabetes called gestational diabetes. All these subtle symptoms and consequences that are hard to notice can accelerate and progress further during pregnancy. So, For example, Increased levels of glucose can damage small arteries and nerves and that way damage a very sensitive part of the eye called the retina. we define this as diabetic retinopathy similar process can take place in the kidneys and medically we define that as diabetic nephropathy. The diagnosis of this condition is not that hard but a lot of doctors are not internists. They’re not familiar with the basic guidelines and criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes or diabetes mellitus type 2. Going to a general practitioner who’s not familiar with these conditions might not be enough to recognize it and properly manage it. Management of this condition is where it gets more complicated and there are specific lab as well as clinical examination tests that should be performed the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. In pregnant women, usually involves the use of insulin in combination with healthy diet planning and it can have incredible and amazing effects for both the child’s and mother’s health. Doctors and patients, We have something for you. If you’re a doctor and you want to make videos like these then go to anatomsky.com but if you have more questions about diabetes then go to sympatomsky.com/help/diabetes

Hiccups, It’s something that we all experienced. it’s funny but it can also be embarrassing especially if it happens around people. We must remain official and professional with furthermore. It can be embarrassing if we cannot stop it or can we? Maybe a better question is why does it happen in the first place and is there some underlying condition that is causing it. Well, First and foremost, we have to understand what hiccups are? This over here is the diaphragm, A muscle that looks somewhat like this but when it actually contracts it becomes flat and it pulls lungs to expand them with the help of the diaphragm and other muscles of the thorax. This expansion of the lungs allows us to breathe fresh air with a lot of oxygen can now flow into the lungs but can it well? Normally, It should be able to enter the lungs but in case of hiccups an opening on the top of trajia over here called the glottis gets closed and it cuts off this airflow into the lungs. This condition produces an interesting sound that sounds somewhat like if you do experience this. There are a couple of things you could attempt to do to stop it. Try to hold your breath, if that doesn’t help sip ice cold water get some granulated sugar or pull your knees up to your chest and try to lean forward. Well, Ultimately you can also try to bite on some lemon or taste some vinegar. It doesn’t really taste that well if hiccups occur more often and last longer than. There are medications that can help it go away but why would it happen more often or last longer. There are some dangerous underlying conditions that can cause hiccups but before i explain these conditions. I need to ask you to do something for me. You see youtube and other websites will only suggest this video to other people suffering from hiccups if we get enough of likes and subscriptions. So, That’s how you can help us. So, If you already subscribed and like the video now let’s go back to the causes of hiccups. Well, Most likely you just had a really cold soda drink or maybe you had types of drinks allowed only to adults or maybe you ate too fast or too spicy food that’s about it. when it comes to drinking and eating, however, It has been proven that even emotions can cause hiccups. For example, laughing vigorously or for a long time well that somehow goes hand in hand with drinking and eating drinking alcohol and eating too fast can also cause gastroesophageal reflux disease and that as well causes hiccups without dismissing the dangers of the gastroesophageal reflux disease. I want to talk about other more dangerous causes for hiccups. One condition that should definitely not stay undiagnosed is a heart attack that is subtle and doesn’t have other symptoms besides hiccups. Yes ! That’s true. Hiccups can be the sole and only symptom of a myocardial infarction. Now the heart is a vital organ important for pumping blood throughout the human body and supplying the body with oxygen. The heart is a vital organ but if something goes wrong with the heart it can be treated in many ways and ultimately even replaced with a donated heart. There is however one organ that cannot be replaced at least not yet that organ can be found over here, that is the brain and the brain stem in the brain. There is a part called medulla oblongata over here and inside of that part the vagus nerve has its origins and the vagus nerve supplies the innervation for the diaphragm. So, A tumor or a stroke in that area of medulla oblongata can ultimately lead to hiccups that last longer than usual. Experiencing hiccups is a symptom not a disease. It’s a symptom of many diseases and therefore diagnostics are somewhat complicated. One should look for other additional signs and symptoms that might indicate a right diagnostic approach. Therefore, Only an adequately educated and skilled doctor should be allowed to diagnose a cause of hiccups in a patient. Doctors and patients, we have something for you if you’re a doctor and you want to make videos like these then go to anatomsky.com but if you have more questions about hiccups then go to symtomsky.com/help/hiccups

Diagnosed with Helicobacter Pylori will treating it reduce the chances of developing gastric cancer. Well, The answer is somewhat more complicated than just yes and no and you’re not alone. Almost half of the world is infected with helicobacter pylori and even if they go through the eradication therapy they somehow end up being reinfected quite often. Many patients don’t even know that helicobacter pylori can cause gastric cancer but those who do find it out tend to get scared and become insecure about it. Especially, because gastric cancer is very lethal. This over here is the stomach, In the gastrointestinal tract. It is located between the esophagus and duodena and that is exactly where helicopter pylori can be found.

Helicobacter Pylori accounts for up to 60 percent of cases of gastric cancer but even your doctors can increase your chances of developing gastric cancer by prescribing proton pump inhibitors too much. The stomach over here is responsible for production of acid and this acid is required in order to successfully digest food but if there is too much acid produced or if we want to reduce acid production for some other reason. We might prescribe proton pump inhibitors but a long term treatment with proton pump inhibitors increases gastric mucosa atrophy and that causes autoimmune reactions and inflammation and we refer to that as autoimmune gastritis. This gastric mucosa atrophy causes autoimmune gastritis and autoimmune gastritis causes gastric cancer but besides doctors doing something stupid. Patients can smoke and drink alcohol. So, Besides this question, Oh, What if we treat helicobacter pylori with it. You know prevent development of gastric cancer. There are these things that doctors do and that patients do and if we stop doing that we can definitely avoid cancer. In many cases, Stomach cancer however remains the fifth most common type of cancer and this is especially important in relation to helicobacter pylori that i want to explain. Three percent of people suffering from a long-term helicobacter pylori infection actually develop adenocarcinoma. So, what are our options. What can we actually do about it. Well, First and foremost, We can subscribe to this channel and like this video because youtube and other platforms will not suggest our video to other people suffering from helicobacter pylori and other risk factors as well because of that you can help us help other people by informing them. You don’t even have to share this video you can just like it and subscribe and that will raise the awareness and that can literally prevent gastric cancer. But what is the second thing that we can do about it. Well, Lifestyle modification quit smoking and drinking and one should stop eating pickled vegetables because they are also associated with gastric cancer. The answer is “yes” treating helicobacter pylori might reduce cure risk for developing gastric cancer. If the treatment however is completed early on before this infection has already caused significant damage to your stomach. The magnitude of risk reduction depends on the timing of the eradication of the helicobacter pylori because as you age your genetic material might deteriorate but also this chronic inflammation might cause damage to it. Now, I already explained how long-term use of proton pump inhibitors might cause gastric cancer. This can happen through atrophy of gastric mucosa and autoimmune gastritis but helicobacter pylori can do this as well and as a result of these changes even ulcers might develop and treating helicobacter pylori at this stage might not reduce your risk of developing gastric cancer and last but not least. The fourth thing that can and should be done in this case is to recognize some early signs and symptoms of gastric cancer weight loss, bleeding, indigestion, and so on a skilled doctor should be able to answer these questions was the helicobacter pylori treatment successful. What else can be done to prevent gastric cancer from developing? what other risk factors are present and are any of these additional signs and symptoms already present and we can all benefit from videos like these. If you’re a doctor and you want to make videos like these then go to anatomsky.com but if you have more questions about helicobacter pylori or gastric cancer then go to symtomsky.com/help/hp