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Now, if we were to create a sagittal section through the distal radius, you would notice that the articulating surface of the distal radius is not flat like this.

Instead, it is tilted in the volar direction this way.

A distal radius fracture can reverse that and cause the so-called dorsal tilt of the articulating surface of the distal radius.

As you might have noticed, joint surfaces and their alignment are really important.

But it’s not just their alignment that matters. It’s also their quality and smoothness that is

really important. A lot of distal radius fractures actually happens right through the joint surfaces.

It means that the surface itself fractured and there was an opening, a gap. Now after the distal

radius is repositioned, it could happen that on that joint surface a step-off is present along

the lines of the fracture. If the step-off is higher than 2 millimeters, then a surgery might

be required to fix that.

As it was already explained, most of the distal radius fractures happen as the patients land on their wrists dorsiflexed.

Now this is dorsiflexion of the wrist.

Now that dorsiflexion can be minimally performed or the patients might also land on their wrists completely flexed.

That is when Smith’s fractures happen.

Corticosteroids, a type of medication that often causes secondary osteoporosis.
A healthy bone is constantly resolved by the cells called osteoblasts and rebuilt by the cells called osteoblasts. This natural process of rebuilding the bones of the human body can be disturbed by corticosteroids and they can increase bone resorption and reduce bone formation.
Can you recall the function of osteoblasts and osteoblasts?

Lower levels of estrogen in older age are thought to be the main reason why osteoporotic changes happen and why bones are more prone to fractures. But what if that’s not always the case? What if there’s something that we’re doing or an underlying condition that causes osteoporosis and we don’t know about it?
This what you can see here is a list of medications that doctors often prescribe to their patients.

Medications that can cause osteoporosis.
Aromatase inhibitors, gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs and selective estrogen receptor modulators can all reduce the levels of estrogen, and that ultimately causes osteoporosis, which results in fractures.